Magnets and Motors

Used to produce high-strength permanent magnets, now ubiquitous in mobile phones and laptops as well as energy-efficient electric motors and generators in EVs, wind turbines, appliances and hundreds of other applications.

Ceramics, Pigments and Glazes

Used to produce functional and decorative ceramics, structural ceramics, cutting tools, dental crowns, electrical capacitors, tiles and more.

Battery Alloys

Rare earth elements are used to produce anode materials for nickel-metal hydride batteries used in hybrid electric vehicles and consumer electronics like cordless power tools and shavers.

Defense Technology

Used for energy efficient lamps, display screens and avionics, ceramics for jet engine coatings.

Glass Polishing, Phosphors

Used to polish optical glass, hard disk drives, LCD display screens and gemstones. Also used for UV-filtering glass coatings and high-quality optical glass for camera lenses, microscopes and telescopes and for phosphors in display screens and avionics.

Industry, Metallurgy and Alloys

Used in some types of steel and ductile iron making as well as in a variety of different alloys. Used in catalytic converters in gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles, fuel cracking and other oil refinery processes and in the aerospace, agriculture, high-tech and chemical industries.